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Dementia Q&As

Published by Bupa's health information team, July 2009.

Answers to questions about dementia

This section contains answers to common questions about this topic. Questions have been suggested by health professionals, website feedback and requests via email.

 

How likely is it that I will develop dementia if one of my parents has it?

Having close relatives with dementia doesn't necessarily mean that you will inherit it. Anyone can develop dementia but it's more likely as you get older. A small number of people can inherit genetic factors which can make dementia more likely but the vast majority of people with dementia don't have particular genes that cause it.

Explanation

The older you get, the more likely it is that you will develop dementia. One in five people over the age of 80 and one in three people over 95 have a degree of dementia. However, often this is mild and doesn't affect them on a daily basis.

The majority of people who develop dementia don't have family or genetic factors that have increased their risk of developing it.

There are a number of different types of dementia and some are linked to particular inherited genes, for example Huntington's disease. These types can occur earlier in life and may have more specific symptoms.

It's possible to test for some types of inherited dementia, but the psychological impact of knowing you may be at an increased risk could make you feel anxious. Consider what you will gain from being tested and if you can cope with the knowledge of being at an increased risk. You may find it helpful to discuss this with your GP.

Further information

Sources

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What can I do to help my mother who has dementia?

People need different sorts of assistance depending on how severe their dementia is. Some people may need full-time care, particularly if they live alone. Ask your mother's doctor for advice about the level of care she may need.

Explanation

The best help is to be understanding and supportive. It's helpful to establish new routines or regimes at the early stages of dementia while your mother is more able to understand what is happening to her.

You can help with short-term memories by telling your mother your plans for the day in a simple clear way and repeating them. Notes, diaries, calendars and lists can all help as reminders of what she is doing. Use large clocks or notice boards that are prominent and may attract more attention. However, as dementia progresses these aids may become less useful.

Splitting a new activity into stages can aid understanding so it isn't too overwhelming or frustrating. It's difficult to pick from different options if you have dementia so use activities that don't revolve around making lots of choices. Focus on what your mother can do and let her do things for herself or do things with her, even if it takes more time. Be patient, allow plenty of time and be encouraging.

At times your mother may seem to be living in the past but try to not contradict her. Help her by trying to understand how she is feeling and what she is expecting to do or what she thinks will happen. Talking about the past and comforting your mother will help to reassure and calm her.

Be aware that memory loss can be disconcerting or even frightening. Your mother may have memories from years ago but not remember what has happened today or last week.

Try to be supportive and help her concentrate on one thing at a time, make sure there are no distractions or background noise and speak clearly when you talk. Regularly give reminders and don't ask questions that she would struggle to answer. Reducing stress and boosting confidence can help her feel happier and more content. Reassure your mother with affection - you may find that laughing about things together is a comfort.

Some people with dementia eventually aren't able to recognise things, people or places. Try to jog your mother's memory if this happens and don't get too distressed. You may find it helpful talk to someone about this, such as a support group, as it may be particularly upsetting.

Further information

Sources

  • Coping with memory loss. Alzheimer's Society. www.alzheimers.org.uk, accessed 6 February 2009
  • Maintaining everyday skills. Alzheimer's Society. www.alzheimers.org.uk, accessed 6 February 2009
  • Who cares? Information and support for the carers of people with dementia. Department of Health. www.dh.gov.uk, 2007
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Can ginkgo biloba help prevent dementia?

There is no medical evidence that gingko biloba can help prevent dementia.

Explanation

Ginkgo biloba is an extract of the leaves from the maidenhair tree. It's used in Chinese medicine for a number of disorders, including memory and concentration problems, confusion, depression and anxiety.

However, there is no medical evidence that proves it can help prevent dementia. The Alzheimer's Society also supports this view.

Further information

Sources

  • Birks J, Grimley Evans J. Ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD003120. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003120.pub2, www.cochrane.org
  • Alzheimer's Society comment on JAMA study that shows Gingko biloba is not an effective remedy for dementia. Alzheimer's Society. www.alzheimers.org.uk, accessed 21 November 2008
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This information was published by Bupa's health information team and is based on reputable sources of medical evidence. It has been peer reviewed by Bupa doctors. The content is intended for general information only and does not replace the need for personal advice from a qualified health professional.

Publication date: July 2009

Dementia factsheet

 

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